Management Control and Workers Participation

Management Control and Workers ParticipationTing Cheuk SzeToday, I come to tell you a banned book, at least it apply to be banned in the last 1980s in china which e veryone views as modern literary classic nowadays. It is Nineteen Eight- Four, written by English author George Orwell, he is a literary great writer. The abbreviation of the story actually is very simple, it is ab knocked divulge(p) the year 1984. He imagined a future world. In that future world experienced a atomic try, the satisfying state of fight in ruins. Finally, leave three countries. One of the countries called Oceania. It is believed to be composed of the United States and Britain. Sides of the Atlantic, there argon also countries called Eurasia and Eastasia.These three countries in a state of war. The war between the three countries all give in un firearmned land, the territory of any country is never compromised. What were they struggle for? In fact, they were non mainly fighting for resources or ideological struggle. The war roll in the hay provoke a national sense of patriotism, hatred of different countries, taking advantages for domination. 1984 world completely eradicate all other pot lead to the loss of world-beater of the ruling class of their own in addition to the problem occurred. firstly he makeled the production of all things, that does not let too many hoi polloi a good dissolving agent to the problem of food, attire and pay off the energy to signify close to honest and objective laws of the world ruling class led to the presence of mass appear moderate. As Weber (1978) said, business is discharged without regard for mortals. to a greater extentover, he does not let population starved to death and others lead to revolt. Then, he escortled everyones mind, namely to fake everyone except the government should not think of the things you think about, even with the existence of God and other terms of the elimination of liberty leads to these imagi nations cannot be propagated, which is to eradicate the possibility of more powerful groups rose up against the middle-man. It is control by bureaucracy rules, it ensures the production and economic activities are in a predictable and impersonal manner control, which similar Nazi Germany ruling. individual(prenominal) relationship is not necessary for boldness. Is bureaucracy is good or icky? The important of bureaucratic organization for Nazi Germany consider been show by Zygmunt Bauman (1989). Impersonal bureaucratic rules is working well for organization achieve precise goal. bureaucratic organization run the business in efficiency way, stimulate the production and economic nevertheless the activity is impersonal(weber,1978). However, the education from bureaucratic organization are different from other, which mean that the term of impersonal maybe have a different meaning in bureaucratic culture. Moreover, the standard of being a human such as happiness, sadness, arrogan ce is different.According to Fayol (in stewart,1997), double-decker cover the designates of planning, motivating, controlling and coordinating. There are only three countries that society, separately one the same precisely in such a grotesque state of society, each understand a wide range of war unfavorable ruling, but the war is present and must be, because they see the war has become a way to control resources, that is, when food and other necessities of glut production result lead to a lot of muckle out all day in order to meet the food and clothing problem When run around and attend to other cases, the government entrust use war to solve these too much of resources, so as to achieve domestic stability, which is the so-called war that is peace. Therefore, only the right to rule rests in the hands of the rulers, and extreme personality cult also indirectly exhaust the possible problem of the ruling class, which is an extremely stable society. contend was not to conquer or defend territory, but to maintain a stable rule. I think peace from here is not for whole community but for the ruling class. The majority of people still struggle financially, only the upper layer benefit from war. War can tending the party to manage the whole country.The rule methods are almost just now the same in three countries, are made of a very authoritarian party. The book describes the social, history can be changed, the party people of the country live in dire straits, food is not satiation, but also deeply convinced that extremely privileged animation now. hoi polloi living in a variety of monitoring, thinking from, even intelligence bow to the party-state. For people who do not like the party-state may make him disappear immediately, so that we are convinced that this person never existed. exertion output is just a number, perhaps the fact that there is no start production. People still walk barefoot on the road. woman being trained to take outher with the par ty-state men just to complete the task of the party-state, as the party-state production people. The children always watched their parents, if the parents have found that attempts to chicane the party-state or abnormal behavior, they ran thought police that give hair. Party state to bear his words always right, change constantly newspaper previously promulgated remarks. History is forgotten, no party state impossible things. They are bureaucratic organizations, control the entire country. This book mainly is written about Oceania. The people are being brainwash by the party, the nation people have to listen to party word. They even fabricated news to change history. They get the people obey and monitor the nationals every day. If nationals cannot meet their criteria, they go away be caught because of thought crime literally. They will be disappeared or evaporated.According to toll (1962), the nature and process of work has been trans stamped by the political theory of rationali sm, with pregnant implication for the worker. Moreover, modern work s about the timing, pace and topographic headspring constraints. The worker need to adapt to the working system of the industry, and it determines where and how working he/she lives. Merton (1940) mentioned, bureaucratic organization is impersonal machines. It is a rational management organisational structure. It must follow a specific set of rule and procedures, with enlighten authority registration, transfer responsibilities from top to bottom, the emergence is the result of social division. He also states that any organization must have some form of authority as a foundation. The appropriate authority can eliminate confusion and bring order. They cannot achieve organizational goals if there are no such authoritative organizations.The protagonist is called Winston smith he was working in a very important sector in Oceania. It is called Ministry of Truth, but it is a Ministry which is full of lie. It changes t he real history. For example, they would say the invent airplane. They entertain the public. Winston Smith amenable for modifying the past new. Slowly he began to have doubts about this ruling and became a very dangerous man.The experience of management from Watson (1994), there is a reinforced sense that what workers do is right and it involves identity work, to find out who I am. Winston is clear that he was doing wrong. However, he did not have enough power to against as a person who be managed. Winston try to find out what is the real self. Abraham Maslow (1968) and Carl Roger (1961) view human life history is a search for the veritable self. The real information provide by party which make people ideality themselves as party want. However, Winston experienced the world that is not control by bureaucratic organizations, which make him different from other.He fell in hunch with a girl, but please note that the relationship between man and woman is not allowed in this totalit arian. It is a braceually repressed country. Bureaucratic manager is an amoral, efficiency-seeking character as Maclnytyhe (1985) said. McMylor (1994) also argue that management is not a scientific way of practice built upon factual law-like generalizations. More likely to say the party is controlling the people than managing the people. The purpose of trade union is to have children and train more national comrades. They thought to enjoy conjure, consequently also try to revolt the country. Then, they were caught. Both afflicted and been brainwashed. They had vowed never betray each other. In the end, they were brainwashed successfully and betrayed each others.After the 20th century, modern technology makes totalitarian politics becomes feasible. Such as radio, charge which through modern totalitarian political will promote their partys idea and achievement. In the story, Nineteen Eight- Four, the most important technological product is telescreen. Its power is not only can play propaganda, but also as monitor used. Party place the screen throughout the country. People are monitored in home, office, square, corridors. In Oceania, the monitor is not target to against the behavior, but the thought. Goldstein (in the story) key out in the book, the inability of the past totalitarian fully implemented, as a result of unable to apprehend the peoples action.He control the past control the future, he who controls the present controls the past. The self follows the change on the social, the self is seen as historically produced and socially structured (Casey, 1995, P66). Winston Smith responsible for modifying the news. Winston had been proletarian territorial dominion which is less relate the party and try to find whether before the diversity better than now, and finally failed. The grasp of macrocosm is the most important cheek of the human personality, but this aspect has been unmake by Ministry of right. It also destroyed the human imagination. It m anages everyones entertainment, novels and movies. As foresighted as the purpose is to control their imagination. resource can help people to imagine the different possibilities when face with reality. Ministry of truth make people cannot imagine other environment that actual can happen. They lose imagination and becomes the slaves of reality, and the reality with is modified and controlled.The country attempts to modify the text, alter expression of the text in order to more accurately grasp the reality. For example, they cannot say certain words big buddy is ungood when after long term of brainwashing. The accept the new language, and will think big brother is ungood is a contradictory argument, logically it makes no sense. The external environment is how brainwashing work. It is possible the social relation can be systematic control in management. Therefore, treats people as if they were simply objects rather than also as subject. (Grey, 2013, P99) mammoth brother is watching you. Slogan are everywhere on the streets of all cities. Family can always hear the partys propaganda in their home. The environment that Winston Smith face, when he speaks, party heard at any moment, the police will go to monitor people behavior as well.In this story, sex is an important issue. Sexual attraction is taboo in bureaucratic organizations but anger and competitiveness are normally condoned (Martin et al. 1998434). Winston and his girl began a cozy liberation at the beginning, which is an action to against the government. In the high political repression, sex is repressed. Conversely, sexual liberation brings a revolt to against the high-pressure politics. Winston described his girlfriend as a half of a traitor. Although she pursuits sexual liberation, she did not await to seek liberation. She was party members, she knew the party would confound right and wrong and offer things upside down. Winstons girlfriend did not believe the party said, but will be still applaud ed warmly in every convocation. In personal, she is totally not believing it. What she thinks about is satisfaction from daily needs.In my point of view of society in 1984 can also be apply in the community nowadays to a certain extent. Think of our life now, everyone has a cell phone on hand. We like to character life now everyone has a cell phone on hand. We like to share life with other. We automatically show our life to others instead Big Brother. Big Brother is everyone around us.Thank you for your attention.(1976 words)ReferencesAbraham H. Maslow (1968)Toward a Psychology of Being-Reprint of 1962 Edition First Edition Start Publishing LLC an imprint of NBN Books on Jan 1, 1968Bell,D(1960). The end of ideology (rev.ed.).New York, NY Free PressCasey, C. (1995). Work, self and society after industrialism. capital of the United Kingdom Routledge.Grey, C. (2013). A very short, fairly interesting and reasonably cheap book about studying organizations (3rd ed). capital of the Unit ed Kingdom Sage.MacIntyre, A. (1985). After virtue (2nd ed). London Duckworth.Martin, J. (1990),re-reading Weber inquisitive for Feminist Alternatives to Bureaucracy, paper presented to the Academy of management in San FranciscoMcMylor, P. (1994). Alasdair MacIntyre Critic of modernity. London Routledge.Merton, R.K. (1940). Bureaucratic structure and personality. Social Forces, 18(4) 560-568.Rogers, C. R. (1961). On Becoming a person A psychotherapists view of psychotherapy. Houghton Mifflin.Watson, T. J. (1994).In Search of Management Culture, Chaos and Control in Managerial Work.London and New York RoutledgeWeber,N.(1930), the protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism, London Allen Unwin.(1978),Economy and Society An outline of interpretative Sociology, ed.G.Roth and C. Wittich, Berkeley, Calif University of California PressStewart, R. (1997). 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